.png){kind=icon}
.png){kind=icon}
Return
Enhancing Blockchain Proof of Stake With Active Weighted Signatures: The ADAPT Framework
.png){kind=icon}
PRE
AI
J
H
I
C
DOI：10.1109/tdsc.2026.3692790.png)
.png){kind=icon}
Original request for help.png){kind=icon}
Share.png){kind=icon}
Save
Abstract
En 中文
Proof of Stake (PoS) blockchain systems require weighted threshold signatures where participants’ voting powers reflect their stakes. As stakes change dynamically through deposits and withdrawals, efficient weight and threshold adjustments are essential for maintaining system security and availability without downtime. However, existing approaches face critical limitations: 1) virtualization-based schemes require <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(w)$</tex-math></inline-formula> operations (signatures) per participant with weight <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$w$</tex-math></inline-formula>; 2) dynamic threshold / participants schemes do not support weighted participants; 3) schemes with both properties require trusted dealers or <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(n^{2})$</tex-math></inline-formula> re-setup, causing temporary unavailability. This paper introduces Active Weighted Signature (AWS), enabling dynamic adjustments without trusted dealers or re-setup. We propose Generalized Lagrange Interpolation (GLI), encoding weights as polynomial derivatives rather than virtualized participants, and instantiate AWS through <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {\sf ADAPT}$</tex-math></inline-formula> by applying GLI to the Schnorr-based threshold signature <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sf FROST}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. Our implementation shows that <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {\sf ADAPT}$</tex-math></inline-formula> achieves comparable efficiency to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\sf FROST}$</tex-math></inline-formula> for key generation, while weight and threshold adjustments complete in 4.1-22.3% of re-setup time. For uneven weight distributions, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {\sf ADAPT}$</tex-math></inline-formula> achieves sub-linear scaling: <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$49\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> weight difference requires only <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.29\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> computation versus <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$49\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> in virtualization.
Keywords:
Blockchain
proof of stake (PoS)
threshold signature
shamir secret sharing
weighted threshold signature
Journal
IF:
7.5
Papers:
2.4K
Citations:
9.6K
Organization
Cited Papers