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Epigenetic-targeted nanomedicine in cancer: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic revolution
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DOI：10.1016/j.pmatsci.2026.101789.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Epigenetic alterations may be critical non‑genetic drivers of cancer evolution. With growing development of epigenetic‑targeting drugs, epigenetic therapies have entered different phases, including preclinical studies, early trials, or FDA‑approval. However, clinical efficacy is often compromised by poor target specificity, unfavorable pharmacokinetics, and off‑target toxicity. To address these issues, the convergence of epigenetics and nanotechnology has arisen. In this review, we systematically elucidate how epigenetic dysregulation, centered on DNA methylation, histone modifications, RNA modifications, and non-coding RNAs, drives TME reprogramming and therapeutic resistance. Building on this foundation, we delve into how rationally designed advanced drug delivery systems can effectively improve bioavailability, targeting specificity, and controlled release of epigenetic drugs. We further summarize recent breakthroughs of epigenetic-targeted nanomedicine for synergistic cancer therapy, including its integration with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecularly targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and emerging therapeutic modalities. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future directions in translating cutting-edge findings from this interdisciplinary field into effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.
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