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Estimation of surface duct parameters using AIS data based on Bayesian inversion method
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DOI：10.3389/fmars.2025.1639777.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Automatic Identification System (AIS) operates within a very high frequency (VHF) maritime mobile band; which could be impacted by surface duct seriously. Utilizing AIS signals for atmospheric duct inversion is a relatively new technique in passive remote sensing. This study employs the Bayesian method to conduct inversion of maritime surface ducts based on AIS signals; categorizing surface ducts into surface-based and elevated-surface ducts. Initially; preliminary data on surface-based duct and elevated-surface duct parameters are acquired from historical sounding data; followed by correlation analysis and probability density distribution fitting of these surface duct parameters. Subsequently; the inversion method steps are provided; and using the same measured AIS data; the likelihood function and posterior probability are calculated by directly employing historical samples and samples generated using Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS); to accomplish the estimation of surface duct parameters. Directly utilizing historical samples and LHS-generated samples for Bayesian inversion can consistently and accurately yield results with an elevated-surface duct; with the latter being slightly more accurate than the former. The root mean square errors for the AIS path loss; calculated using the inverted elevated-surface duct parameters; are 5.9 dB and 4.4 dB when compared with the measured data. In contrast; the error calculated from the inverted surface-based duct parameters is 21.9 dB.
Keywords:
AIS signals
maritime surface duct
Bayesian inversion
atmospheric duct
passive remote sensing
Journal
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3
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2.3K
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4.0W
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