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EVMLiSA: Sound Static Control-Flow Graph Construction for EVM Bytecode
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DOI：10.1016/j.bcra.2025.100384.png)
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Abstract
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Ethereum enables the creation and execution of decentralized applications through smart contracts, that are compiled to Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) bytecode. Once deployed in the blockchain, the bytecode is immutable; hence, ensuring that smart contracts are bug-free before their deployment is of utmost importance. A crucial preliminary step for any effective static analysis of EVM bytecode is the extraction of the control-flow graph (CFG): this presents significant challenges due to potentially statically unknown jump destinations. In this paper we present a novel approach, based on Abstract Interpretation, aiming to build a sound CFG from EVM bytecode smart contracts. Our analysis, which is implemented in our static analyzer EVMLiSA, is based on a parametric abstract domain that approximates concrete execution stacks at each program point as an l-sized set of abstract stacks of maximal height h; the results of the analysis are then used to resolve the jump destinations at jump nodes. Furthermore, EVMLiSA includes a checker for reentrancy detection, working on the constructed CFG.
Keywords:
Static analysis
Abstract interpretation
Smart contracts
EVM bytecode
Ethereum
Reentrancy vulnerabilities
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