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Explainable Multi-Objective Quantum-Inspired Fuzzy Optimization of Rule Bases for Scalable Load Balancing in Multi-Factor Computing Environments
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DOI：10.3390/fi18080422.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The rapid growth of cloud and distributed computing systems has increased the complexity of real-time request distribution under dynamic and multi-factor conditions. In such environments, load-balancing decisions must simultaneously consider uncertain and interdependent parameters, including server load, response time, and resource capacity. Fuzzy logic is an effective tool for modeling such uncertainty; however, the expansion of linguistic variables often leads to a rule-explosion problem, which increases computational complexity and reduces the real-time applicability of fuzzy load-balancing systems. This study proposes an explainable multi-objective quantum-inspired fuzzy optimization approach for scalable load balancing in complex computing environments. The proposed model integrates fuzzy inference with a Grover-inspired classical search strategy to optimize the selection of fuzzy rule subsets. The Grover-inspired component is implemented as a classical simulation rather than a gate-based quantum circuit. A multi-objective evaluation function is formulated to jointly assess rule accuracy, coverage, interpretability, and compactness. This formulation enables the model to reduce redundant fuzzy rules while preserving decision transparency and maintaining reliable load distribution performance. The proposed approach is evaluated in a simulated cloud computing environment with heterogeneous servers and dynamic request arrival patterns. Comparative experiments are conducted against classical load-balancing strategies, conventional fuzzy load balancing, and evolutionary fuzzy optimization methods, including GA-FLB and PSO-FLB. The experimental results show that the proposed model reduces the size of the fuzzy rule base while maintaining competitive response time, load distribution quality, SLA compliance, and decision interpretability. These findings indicate that the integration of Grover-inspired classical search mechanisms with fuzzy reasoning provides a promising direction for developing scalable, compact, and explainable load-balancing models for next-generation intelligent computing systems.
Keywords:
load balancing
fuzzy rule base
quantum-inspired optimization
Grover-inspired search
multi-objective optimization
explainability
cloud computing
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