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Exploiting Non-Collinear Array Geometry for Channel Phase Error Self-Calibration
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DOI：10.1109/LSP.2025.3622524.png)
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Abstract
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This letter proposes a novel self-calibration method for channel phase error (CPE) in antenna arrays by leveraging the geometric properties of non-collinear configurations. The CPE can be decomposed into linear and orthogonal components relative to the baseline length vector, which cause direction-of-arrival (DOA) bias and manifold distortion, respectively. However, for self-calibration methods, only the manifold distortion can be perceived and corrected. In collinear arrays, the DOA bias is independent of manifold distortion, so the linear component of CPE can't be self-calibrated. Fortunately, in non-collinear arrays, we can couple the DOA bias into the manifold distortion by reformulating the slant range formula with the Fresnel and virtual collinear array (VCA) approximations, making it possible to estimate the entire CPE without external references. We then propose an iterative least-squares algorithm that corrects for CPE using multiple snapshots collected from a non-collinear array. Simulations under various SNRs, distances, linear components of CPE, degrees of non-collinearity, and fields of view demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Keywords:
DOA estimate
non-collinear array
virtual collinear array
channel phase error calibration
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