Exploring Multidimensional Embeddings for Decision Support Using Advanced Visualization Techniques

Olga Kurasova

doi:10.3390/informatics11010011

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Exploring Multidimensional Embeddings for Decision Support Using Advanced Visualization Techniques

2024-02-26

Olga Kurasova *

Arnoldas Budžys

Viktor Medvedev

DOI：10.3390/informatics11010011

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Abstract

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As artificial intelligence has evolved, deep learning models have become important in extracting and interpreting complex patterns from raw multidimensional data. These models produce multidimensional embeddings that, while containing a lot of information, are often not directly understandable. Dimensionality reduction techniques play an important role in transforming multidimensional data into interpretable formats for decision support systems. To address this problem, the paper presents an analysis of dimensionality reduction and visualization techniques that embrace complex data representations and are useful inferences for decision systems. A novel framework is proposed, utilizing a Siamese neural network with a triplet loss function to analyze multidimensional data encoded into images, thus transforming these data into multidimensional embeddings. This approach uses dimensionality reduction techniques to transform these embeddings into a lower-dimensional space. This transformation not only improves interpretability but also maintains the integrity of the complex data structures. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated using a keystroke dynamics dataset. The results support the integration of these visualization techniques into decision support systems. The visualization process not only simplifies the complexity of the data, but also reveals deep patterns and relationships hidden in the embeddings. Thus, a comprehensive framework for visualizing and interpreting complex keystroke dynamics is described, making a significant contribution to the field of user authentication.

Keywords:

dimensionality reduction

data visualization

deep learning

triplet loss

multidimensional embeddings

user authentication

decision support