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FDA-Based Integrated Sensing and Multi-Mode Communication Waveform Design and Receiver Processing Algorithm
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DOI：10.1109/twc.2026.3728845.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Frequency diverse array (FDA) offers unique range-dependent beamforming, showing great potential for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). With this property, we propose a novel FDA-based ISAC waveform design that utilizes range-domain degree of freedom (DoF) to simultaneously support communication and sensing. The design enables flexible resource allocation in the range–angle space and supports three operational modes. Mode 1 employs range-domain multiple access to deliver independent data streams to users at positions satisfying specific angle–range constraints. Mode 2 broadcasts identical information over the entire sensing region. Mode 3 complements Mode 1 by relaxing spatial constraints, enabling independent data transmission to irregularly positioned users subject to non-overlap feasibility constraints, but with reduced user capacity. Furthermore, we develop a unified two-stage discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based demodulation algorithm that detects symbols by matching local frequency-domain subpulse signatures, and derive a semi-closed-form symbol error rate (SER) expression. By construction, the algorithm operates independently of the operating mode, enabling seamless multi-mode demodulation without prior mode knowledge. For sensing, we propose a joint angle–range maximum-likelihood estimator and derive the corresponding Cramér–Rao bound (CRB) and its ergodic CRB (ECRB) that accounts for symbol randomness. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme and confirm its theoretical consistency.
Keywords:
Integrated sensing and communication
frequency diverse array
multi-mode communication
received signal processing
Journal
IF:
10.7
Papers:
1.3W
Citations:
5.3W