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Flying LTE for UAV Dynamic Access Control
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DOI：10.1109/iccc49849.2020.9238953.png)
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Abstract
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Unmanned areial vehicles (UAVs) are widely applied to the military and civil domains. And these applications are largely depend on UAV communications. UAVs can act as aerial base stations (BSs), aerial relays (ARs) and aerial user equipments (UEs) in networks. However, high-speed movement and dynamic topology of UAVs make existing medium access control (MAC) protocols, such as IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.11b, which are not suitable. And most protocols are based on time division multiple access (TDMA), which mainly studied the improvement of network throughput and delay. However, these works rarely considered that UAVs are powered by batteries and have limited energy. Thus, the orthogonal frequency-division multiplex access (OFDMA) technology is utilized by UAVs to improve network energy efficiency (EE). This paper first introduces three communication scenarios of UAVs. Then, it describes several existing MAC protocols and challenges of UAVs. Next, we propose that UAVs use OFDMA technology for limited energy of UAVs in long term evolution (LTE) networks. Finally, two types of subcarrier quantity allocation are simulated, which one is equal number and the other is based on the signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) among users. The results show that the subcarrier allocation based on the SINR ratio between users has higher throughput. Besides, this allocation is more suitable for dense scenes and has higher EE.
Keywords:
UAV communications
long term evolution (LTE)
medium access control (MAC) protocol
energy efficiency
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