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Formation mechanism of discontinuous melt tracks under support-free conditions in PBF-LB/M via in-situ X-ray imaging
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DOI：10.1007/s40964-026-01871-w.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study investigates the mechanism of discontinuous melt track formation in pure titanium during support-free laser-based powder bed fusion of metals, focusing on the role of the wrapping behavior. Four identical linear energy density combinations at various laser powers and scanning speeds were used to melt the powder bed. In-situ X-ray imaging and high-speed camera monitoring captured the cross-sectional and top views of the melt pools, enabling quantitative analysis of key melt-pool formation features, such as wrapping frequency, depression zone depth, and width. The results revealed that the capillary force associated with the wrapping behavior acted as the driving force for the melt-pool movement by forming a depression zone connecting the current melt pool to the prior melt track. Under high laser power and scanning speed, the wrapping behavior extends the gap between the melt pool and the prior melt track, leading to discontinuous melt track formation. In contrast, a lower laser power and scanning speed facilitate rapid thermal diffusion, allowing the spherical melt pool to transition to a flat-shaped melt track.
Keywords:
Additive manufacturing
Laser-based powder bed fusion of metals
In-situ X-ray imaging
High-speed camera
Melting behavior
Wrapping behavior
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