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Frameworks for Efficient Brain-Computer Interfacing
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DOI：10.1109/TBCAS.2019.2947130.png)
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Abstract
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One challenge present in brain-computer interface (BCI) circuits is finding a balance between real-time on-chip processing in-vivo and wireless transmission of neural signals for off-chip in-silico processing. This article presents three potential frameworks for investigating an area- and energy-efficient realization of BCI circuits. The first framework performs spike detection on the filtered neural signal on a brain-implantable chip and only transmits detected spikes wirelessly for offline classification and decoding. The second framework performs in-vivo compression of the on-chip detected spikes prior to wireless transmission for substantially reducing wireless transmission overhead. The third framework performs spike sorting in-vivo on the brain-implantable chip to classify detected spikes on-chip and hence, even further reducing wireless data transmission rate at the expense of more signal processing. To alleviate the on-chip computation of spike sorting and also utilizing a more area- and energy-effective design, this work employs, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, an artificial neural network (ANN) instead of using relatively computationally-intensive conventional spike sorting algorithms. The ASIC implementation results of the designed frameworks are presented and their feasibility for efficient in-vivo processing of neural signals is discussed. Compared to the previously-published BCI systems, the presented frameworks reduce the area and power consumption of implantable circuits.
Keywords:
Sorting
System-on-chip
Wireless communication
Neurons
Decoding
Feature extraction
Signal processing
Biomedical signal processing
low-power electronics
very large scale integration
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