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Frequent early cognitive impairment in both pediatric MS and MOGAD
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DOI：10.1177/13524585261465586.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Background:</jats:title>
<jats:p>Studies on early cognitive impairment (CI) in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) are heterogeneous and data on pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are scarce.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title>
<jats:p>To evaluate early cognitive dysfunction in both diseases and delineate disease-specific neurocognitive profiles.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Methods:</jats:title>
<jats:p>
A cross-sectional study of children with MS and MOGAD assessed neurocognition within 2 years after disease onset using a comprehensive test battery. Test results were converted to
<jats:italic toggle="yes">Z</jats:italic>
-scores. CI was defined as
<jats:italic toggle="yes">Z</jats:italic>
-scores below −1.5 in ⩾2 domains. Children were compared by CI status and domain deficits quantified with composite
<jats:italic toggle="yes">Z</jats:italic>
-scores.
</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results:</jats:title>
<jats:p>
Sixty-seven participants were analyzed (MS
<jats:italic toggle="yes">n</jats:italic>
= 36, MOGAD
<jats:italic toggle="yes">n</jats:italic>
= 31). Despite normal full-scale intelligence quotient, 47% of MS children and 43% of MOGAD children (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis excluded) met criteria for CI. Domain-specific impairments were prominent in complex attention, with significantly reduced composite
<jats:italic toggle="yes">Z</jats:italic>
-scores (MS: −1.24,
<jats:italic toggle="yes">p</jats:italic>
< 0.001; MOGAD: −1.12,
<jats:italic toggle="yes">p</jats:italic>
= 0.019). MS children additionally showed lower scores on tasks of visuospatial processing and visual memory. Only fatigue was significantly associated with the presence of CI (PedsQL fatigue
<jats:italic toggle="yes">Z</jats:italic>
-score: −2.61 vs −0.75,
<jats:italic toggle="yes">p</jats:italic>
= 0.005).
</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title>
<jats:p>In both pediatric MS and MOGAD, early CI is prevalent with difficulties in complex attention. Visuospatial cognition appears to be an additional vulnerable area for children with MS.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
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