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From PS-InSAR observations to building-level risk: A data-driven framework for urban structural resilience
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DOI：10.1016/j.rse.2026.115454.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Urban building stability is increasingly challenged by the combined effects of geological subsidence, intensive construction activities, and the progressive aging of structures in rapidly developing cities. Although Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PS-InSAR) offers millimeter-scale displacement measurements, existing approaches often fail to translate these observations into actionable building-level risk insights. Here, we propose an innovative data-driven diagnostic framework that links InSAR observations to urban structural risk. The framework introduces two metrics: the InSAR Building Unit Suitability Index (IBUSI), which evaluates PS-InSAR data reliability based on point number, point density, spatial coverage, and coherence, and the InSAR Building Deformation Signature (IBDS), which characterizes deformation magnitude, directional trends, and spatial heterogeneity. Together, these metrics construct a multi-parameter feature matrix that identifies five deformation modes—settlement, uplift, tilting, torsion, and coupled behavior—and classifies buildings into four risk levels from low to critical. Applied to Kunming, southwest China, using 106 TerraSAR-X Stripmap images (2017–2019), the framework reveals that most buildings remain stable, while approximately 25% exhibit measurable risk and a small subset show complex coupled deformations. High-risk clusters are concentrated in southern districts and lakeside redevelopment zones, reflecting geotechnical constraints and anthropogenic disturbances. The IBUSI–IBDS framework transforms PS-InSAR observations into a systematic and transferable tool for evidence-based urban risk assessment, preventive maintenance, and resilience-oriented infrastructure management.
Keywords:
PS-InSAR
building-level risk
structural resilience
deformation signature
urban infrastructure
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