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DOI：10.1027/1016-9040/a000565.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
: As the demand for psychological services increases, particularly in Western societies, it is essential to understand how countries regulate and train psychologists to deliver effective psychotherapy. By focusing on countries in the WHO's European, Americas, and Western Pacific regions, the paper compares national regulations, minimal training pathways, and the role of psychologists in providing psychotherapy. Through an analysis of legislative documents, training guidelines, and resources from international organizations, the paper identifies variations in certification, academic training, clinical experience, and continuing education across regions. The analysis identified five training pathways for psychologists seeking independent psychotherapy practice, with durations ranging from 0 to 12 years. Legal protections for professional titles play a crucial role in shaping these pathways. In Models A, B, C, and D, psychologists are granted the right to practice psychotherapy based on their educational qualifications, with additional requirements like supervised training or separate accreditation. In Model E, where titles are unregulated, anyone can claim the title of psychologist or psychotherapist, relying on voluntary associations for oversight. The practice of psychotherapy is a key aspect of the psychology profession. This study reveals a variety of training models across nations, highlighting a diversity of approaches to achieving the right to practice psychotherapy independently. Future discussions should carefully consider the impact of these training pathways on mental health outcomes. Ultimately, ensuring that psychologist practicing psychotherapy receive high-quality training will contribute to improved mental health services and better outcomes for individuals seeking psychological support.
Keywords:
psychologist education
psychotherapy training
international training standards
comparative analysis