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Frozen shoulder
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DOI：10.1038/s41572-022-00386-2.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Frozen shoulder is a fibroproliferative disorder of the shoulder characterized by pain and progressive loss of shoulder mobility. In this Primer, Millar et al. provide an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of frozen shoulder, as well as how it affects patients' quality of life. Frozen shoulder is a common debilitating disorder characterized by shoulder pain and progressive loss of shoulder movement. Frozen shoulder is frequently associated with other systemic conditions or occurs following periods of immobilization, and has a protracted clinical course, which can be frustrating for patients as well as health-care professionals. Frozen shoulder is characterized by fibroproliferative tissue fibrosis, whereby fibroblasts, producing predominantly type I and type III collagen, transform into myofibroblasts (a smooth muscle phenotype), which is accompanied by inflammation, neoangiogenesis and neoinnervation, resulting in shoulder capsular fibrotic contractures and the associated clinical stiffness. Diagnosis is heavily based on physical examination and can be difficult depending on the stage of disease or if concomitant shoulder pathology is present. Management consists of physiotherapy, therapeutic modalities such as steroid injections, anti-inflammatory medications, hydrodilation and surgical interventions; however, their effectiveness remains unclear. Facilitating translational science should aid in development of novel therapies to improve outcomes among individuals with this debilitating condition.
Keywords:
EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCKWAVE THERAPY
IDIOPATHIC ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS
PHYSICAL-THERAPY
CHRONIC PAIN
MATRIX-METALLOPROTEINASE
MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
CENTRAL SENSITIZATION
ARTHROSCOPIC RELEASE
SUPERVISED NEGLECT
METABOLIC SYNDROME
Journal
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IF:
60.6
Papers:
649
Citations:
3.8W
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