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Generalisation in named entity recognition: A quantitative analysis

delete2017-07-01
delete70
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OA
AI
I
Isabelle Augenstein *
L
Leon Derczynski
K
Kalina Bontcheva
DOI:10.1016/j.csl.2017.01.012delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a key NLP task, which is all the more challenging on Web and user-generated content with their diverse and continuously changing language. This paper aims to quantify how this diversity impacts state-of-the-art NER methods, by measuring named entity (NE) and context variability, feature sparsity, and their effects on precision and recall. In particular, our findings indicate that NER approaches struggle to generalise in diverse genres with limited training data. Unseen NEs, in particular, play an important role, which have a higher incidence in diverse genres such as social media than in more regular genres such as newswire. Coupled with a higher incidence of unseen features more generally and the lack of large training corpora, this leads to significantly lower Fl scores for diverse genres as compared to more regular ones. We also find that leading systems rely heavily on surface forms found in training data, having problems generalising beyond these, and offer explanations for this observation. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article article under the CC BY license.
Keywords:
Natural language processing
Information extraction
Named entity recognition
Generalisation
Entity drift
Social media
Quantitative study
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Journal

C
Computer Speech and Language
IF:
3.4
Papers:
1.5K
Citations:
2.6K

Organization

U
University of Sheffield
Scholars:
3.0W
Papers: 2.9W
Citations: 3.9W