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Genetically optimized bipolar coded phase-sensitive OTDR
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DOI：10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.114709.png)
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Abstract
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Phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) employing optical pulse coding techniques suffers from intensified sidelobe noise interference, which degrades the coding gain and diminishes the effectiveness of sensitivity enhancement. This study proposes an improved genetic algorithm optimized bipolar coding (IGA-BiCode) scheme, which offers the advantages of high coding gain and sidelobe interference suppression. The IGA-BiCode uses coding gain as the fitness evaluation criterion and inherently accounts for amplifier-induced transient envelopes during the optimization of the coding sequence, eliminating the need for complex compensation in subsequent deployment. By integrating with a frequency-domain deconvolution decoding method, the suppression of sidelobes is achieved, mitigating the impact of sidelobe noise on sensitivity enhancement. When implemented in Φ-OTDR, a 256-bit IGA-BiCode yields a coding gain of 21.39 dB and a sensing SNR of 41.31 dB at the far end of a 10 km fiber with 2 m spatial resolution, representing a 20.71 dB improvement over a conventional single pulse. Furthermore, a higher-gain 1024-bit IGA-BiCode achieves an SNR of 28.52 dB with 2 m spatial resolution at the far end of a 99.6 km fiber. These results demonstrate that IGA-BiCode enables single-shot, high-practicality Φ-OTDR with enhanced sensitivity and maintained spatial resolution.
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