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Geometric perspectives on multi-input reservoir computing

delete2026-03-11
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Alfio Borzı̀
DOI:10.1016/j.neunet.2026.108838delete
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Abstract

Abstract

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A geometric framework for multi-input reservoir computing is developed. Channel-wise Gramians, principal angles, and a coupling index are used to characterise collapse, decoupling, and a nontrivial multimodal regime within a single recurrent system. Structured sparse input pathways are shown to realise this intermediate regime, and the analysis is extended to nonlinear tanh  reservoirs through time-varying linearisations and local Gramians. CLIP-style contrastive experiments on synthetic paired features and on small paired data constructed from Flickr8k images by index alignment, together with a coupled chaotic benchmark based on two weakly interacting Lorenz systems, illustrate the three regimes. The results indicate that the nontrivial structured case yields a balanced internal multimodal geometry and competitive retrieval and multi-task prediction, while the proposed diagnostics provide an interpretable tool to analyse and design multi-input reservoir couplings.
Keywords:
Reservoir computing
Multimodal systems
Principal angles
Controllability gramians
Contrastive learning
68T05
93B05
15A18
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Neural Networks cover
Neural Networks
IF:
6.3
Papers:
7.8K
Citations:
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