Geometrically driven reversible solid-liquid phase transition at the atomic scale

doi:10.1126/science.aed6019

Geometrically driven reversible solid-liquid phase transition at the atomic scale

2026-07-16

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DOI：10.1126/science.aed6019

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Controlling how materials transition between liquid and solid states is fundamental to materials science, but the atomic-scale mechanisms remain poorly understood, especially in confined spaces where surfaces influence nucleation. Cui et al. used in situ transmission electron microscopy to trap and manipulate a single bismuth nanocluster within a tunable nanoscale gap. They observed reversible transformations between quasi-amorphous, crystalline, and liquid states driven solely by the cluster’s aspect ratio rather than its volume. This geometric control also dictated the crystallographic texture of the resulting nanowire. —Jack Huang

Geometrically driven reversible solid-liquid phase transition at the atomic scale

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