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Global perspectives on sorghum production: A SPAR-4-SLR framework of its role, trends, and climate-resilient strategies
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DOI：10.1016/j.cropd.2025.100121.png)
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Abstract
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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) remains a crucial crop for food security and livelihood resilience in arid and semi-arid regions. This study reviews existing literature to identify thematic and geographical gaps in sorghum research, focusing on climate adaptation, farmer-led practices, input systems, and institutional dynamics. The goal is to critically analyze patterns in adaptation strategies, production challenges, and future research directions that affect sorghum sustainability under changing environmental and socio-economic conditions. A systematic review method was used to analyze peer-reviewed studies. Key themes covered agronomic adaptation, genetic diversity across ecological zones, policy barriers, and innovations in disease management. The findings reveal regional differences in research focus, with limited long-term data from the Middle East, Latin America, and Eastern Europe. Interdisciplinary studies remain few, especially those linking climate projections with behavioural adoption of technologies. Improvements in soil water retention with broad bed furrows, along with yield declines under delayed sowing. The study underscores the importance of localized, farmer-centred innovations, better institutional coordination, and region-specific data collection. Promoting a research agenda that combines agronomy, policy, and social factors can strengthen sorghum's future amid rising climate uncertainty and support scalable, inclusive agricultural development strategies.
Keywords:
Climate-smart agriculture
Drought-resilient systems
Farmer-led adaptation
Policy-practice alignment
Sustainable input strategies
Sorghum
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