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Graded index spiral ring-core photonic crystal fiber supporting high-purity OAM modes: design and analysis
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DOI：10.1007/s10825-026-02525-4.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study presents a ring core photonic crystal fiber (RC-PCF) capable of supporting 290 orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in the C and L telecommunication bands. The fiber incorporates a spiral air-hole geometry with a varying pattern that generates a gradient refractive index profile, enabling exceptional mode confinement. A high-index chalcogenide (As2S3) ring core surrounded by silica (SiO2) cladding enables stable propagation with > 95% mode purity and minimal inter-channel crosstalk, ensured by an effective refractive index difference exceeding 10(-4) for all modes. Structural optimization yields a large numerical aperture (0.33-0.36), ultra-low confinement losses (10(-10)-10(-12) dB/m), and a low nonlinear coefficient (0.19-0.23 W-1 km(-1)). Bending analysis confirms strong tolerance, while 2 pi and 10 ps walk-off lengths validate signal integrity under practical conditions. The proposed chalcogenide-silica PCF combines low nonlinearity, high mode density and improved bend tolerance making it a revolutionary platform for high-capacity space-division multiplexing in next-generation optical networks.
Keywords:
Photonic crystal fiber
Orbital angular momentum
Non-linear coefficient
Space division multiplexing
Fiber bending
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