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Green synthesis of TiO2/Ag@Eucalyptus globulus Labill nanocomposites: a comprehensive study and dual application in grape preservation and dye treatment
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DOI：10.1039/d6ra01730d.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study presents the green synthesis of TiO2/Ag@Eucalyptus globulusLabill (TiAgxPE) nanocompositesand their integration into chitosan (CS) active packagingfilms. Distinct from conventional chemicallysynthesized TiO2/Ag and those utilizing standard plant extracts, theEucalyptusextract provides uniquephytochemicals that act as highly efficient reducing agents while imparting a synergistic capping layer.XRD analysis results confirmed nano TiO(2 )formed in the anatase phase, with crystallite sizes increasingfrom 12.77 nm (TiPE) to 14.88 nm (TiAg0.33PE). UV-vis DRS revealed a narrowed bandgap induced by Agsurface plasmon resonance, while PL peaks at 510-520 nm indicated significantly suppressed electron-hole recombination. HR-TEM images and EDX mapping showed uniformly dispersed face-centeredcubic Ag nanoparticles on porous TiO2. Consequently, the TiAg0.33PE nanocomposite exhibited superiorphotocatalysis, nearly fully degrading RGB dye in 30 minutes at pH 4. Mechanistic studies revealed thatsuperoxide radicals and photogenerated holes dominated the degradation process, facilitated by efficientunidirectional charge separation at the Ag-TiO2 Schottky barrier. Furthermore, the TiAg1PE nanoparticlesexhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, effectively inhibitingE. coli,S. aureus,B. cereus, andP.stutzeri B27, yielding maximum inhibition zones of 12 mm. Incorporating these nanoparticles into CSfilms reduced the water vapor transmission rate by creating a tortuous diffusion path. Althoughmechanicalflexibility slightly decreased, the CS + TiAg1PE film retained excellent bactericidal efficacy.Over a 9-day storage period, the CS + TiAg1PE formulation reduced moisture loss and microbial decay,limiting weight loss to 15% and confining decay incidence to 5%. Ultimately, thesefindings underscorethe potential of the green synthesized TiAgxPE nanocomposites as a dual-functional platform forphotocatalytic wastewater treatment and postharvest shelf-life extension of fresh agricultural produce.
Keywords:
TiO2/Ag nanocomposites
Eucalyptus globulus extract
green synthesis
chitosan packaging films
photocatalytic degradation
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