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Ground-state exciton–polariton condensation via coherent Floquet driving
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DOI：10.1038/s41566-026-01855-w.png)
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Abstract
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The on-demand selective population transfer between states in multilevel quantum systems is a challenging problem with implications for a wide range of physical platforms including photon and non-equilibrium exciton–polariton condensates. Here we introduce a universal strategy for this selective transfer based on a strong time-periodic energy modulation, which is experimentally demonstrated by using a gigahertz acoustic wave to control the gain and loss of confined modes of exciton–polariton condensates in a microcavity. The harmonic acoustic field shifts the energy of the excitonic component relative to the photonic ones, which generates a dynamic population transfer within a multimode condensate that can be controlled by the acoustic amplitude. In this way, the full condensate population can be selectively transferred to the ground state to yield a single-level emission consisting of a spectral frequency comb with gigahertz repetition rates as well as picosecond-scale correlations. A theoretical model reproduces the observed time evolution and reveals a dynamical interplay between bosonic stimulation and the adiabatic Landau–Zener-like population transfer. Our approach provides a new avenue for the Floquet engineering of light–matter systems and enables tunable single- or multiwavelength ultrafast pulsed laser-like emission for information technologies. The researchers use gigahertz acoustic waves to control the gain and loss of confined modes of an exciton–polariton condensate in a microcavity, enabling dynamic population transfer. Selective transfer to the ground state yields single-level emission consisting of a spectral frequency comb with gigahertz repetition rates.
Keywords:
Microresonators
Optomechanics
Polaritons
Semiconductor lasers
Physics
general
Applied and Technical Physics
Quantum Physics
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