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Harmonic Mitigation and Switching Frequency Reduction in <italic>LCL</italic>-Filtered Grid-Tied Converters
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DOI：10.1109/tpel.2026.3697501.png)
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Abstract
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<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">LCL</i>-type grid-tied power converters play a critical role in integrating renewable energy sources while meeting stringent power quality requirements. This article presents a novel multivariable control strategy that combines singular perturbation theory with high-gain proportional–integral control to simultaneously address three key challenges: resonance damping, harmonic distortion reduction, and switching frequency limitations. The proposed approach decomposes the system dynamics into distinct slow and fast subsystems, enabling simplified controller design and overdamped operation without passive damping elements. A systematic design methodology ensures robust stability against parameter variations and grid disturbances while maintaining decoupled control of active and reactive power. The controller achieves superior performance with a switching frequency of only 5 kHz, reducing switching losses by approximately 50<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> compared with conventional active damping techniques operating at 10 kHz. Comprehensive simulation studies demonstrate an 80<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> reduction in total harmonic distortion (THD) of grid-injected current, with experimental validation confirming current THD levels below 3<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> under stiff grid conditions. The results show significant improvements in power quality and system efficiency, making the proposed method particularly suitable for medium- and high-power renewable energy applications where switching loss reduction is critical.
Keywords:
Active damping (AD)
current harmonics
passive damping (PD)
resonance peak
switching frequency
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