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Heat transfer optimization in a fluid-filled porous hexagonal cavity using finite element modeling, artificial neural networks, and response surface methodology
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DOI：10.1016/j.tsep.2026.104871.png)
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Abstract
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• Heat transfer in a hexagonal cavity filled with different porous media and fluid is studied using FEM, ANN, and RSM. • The aluminum foam–engine oil combination yields the highest average Nusselt number. • ANN and RSM are used to determine the optimal thermal performance. • The difference between FEM results and ANN predictions is within 0.06%. • An integrated FEM-ANN-RSM framework enhances the heat transfer performance in a porous cavity.
Keywords:
Convection
Porous medium
Hexagonal cavity
FEM
RSM
ANN
Heat transfer
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