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Heterostructure-Based Self-Powered 2D Photodetectors: Devices and Applications
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PRE
AI
Y
J
Y
Y
R
M
张
R
W
C
DOI：10.1002/lpor.202501848.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
2D materials (2DMs)-based self-powered photodetectors (SPPDs) represent a new paradigm for low-power optoelectronics, as they achieve battery-free operation and simplified device architectures. The self-powered properties of 2DM-SPPDs are generally induced through two fundamental mechanisms: 1) symmetry-breaking, which creates asymmetric built-in electric fields via PN junctions, asymmetric contacts, electrodes, or thickness; 2) multi-physical coupling, which leverages piezo-optoelectronic, ferro-optoelectronic, photo-thermoelectric, or other effects to provide additional driving forces for carrier separation and functionality. In this review, we present a comprehensive review and performance comparisons of 2DM-SPPDs arising from these two distinct mechanisms. Typical application scenarios based on 2DM-SPPDs, including imaging, optical communications, and bionic and wearable optoelectronics are summarized and critically compared with conventional Si-based photodetectors. Finally, we provide the prospects of 2DM-SPPDs, highlighting that challenges remain in bandwidth-responsivity trade-offs, wafer-scale growth, packaging and bonding, CMOS compatibility, and testing standardization. We anticipate that this perspective will serve as a valuable reference to guide future research efforts and accelerate the industrial deployment of 2DM-SPPDs.
Keywords:
2D materials
multi-physical field coupling
self-powered photodetectors
symmetry-breaking
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