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Hibiscus rosa-sinensis: A Multifunctional Flower Bridging Nutrition, Medicine, and Molecular Therapeutics

delete2025-11-27
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H
Hassan Raza *
M
Muhammad Tauseef Sultan *
K
Khalil Ahmad
M
Muhammad Maaz
S
S. I. Zafar
A
Ahmad Mujtaba Noman
E
Entessar Mohammad Al Jbawi *
DOI:10.1002/fsn3.71254delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, commonly known as the shoe flower, thrives in tropical and subtropical regions across South China, Asia, Africa, and America, adapting well to diverse environments. Its therapeutic potential is attributed to a range of bioactive compounds Anthocyanins, saponins, quercetin, kaempferol, and anthraquinones are found in various plant parts. These compounds scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and modulate inflammatory (IL-6, TNF-α, PPAR-γ, cyclooxygenase) and oxidative (MDA, MPO, NO, SOD, GSH) markers, offering therapeutic benefits against cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, and hepato-renal disorders. The plant exhibits antidiabetic effects by lowering blood glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, and postprandial glucose absorption. Cardioprotective properties are linked to the regulation of PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase. Molecular docking studies reveal strong binding affinities of myricetin and rutin with α-glucosidase (−10.5) and SOD (−8.6), highlighting their antidiabetic and hepatoprotective potential. H. rosa-sinensis also exhibits antimicrobial activity against various bacterial (e.g., E. coli, S. aureus) and fungal strains (e.g., A. flavus, A. niger). Animal-based studies affirm its safety between 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight. Its coloring, flavoring, nutritional, and therapeutic properties support applications in food, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and dyeing. However, long-term clinical trials are essential to validate its traditional uses and therapeutic efficacy.
Keywords:
antioxidant
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
molecular docking
phytochemistry
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Food Science and Nutrition cover
Food Science and Nutrition
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Emerson University Multan
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sugar beet research department
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bahauddin zakariya university
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