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High-Cell-Density Production of High-Molecular-Weight P(3HB-co-3HHx) from Solvent-Extracted Palm Fibre Oil by Engineered Cupriavidus necator
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DOI：10.1007/s10924-026-03936-x.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based plastics, yet their commercialisation remains limited by the lack of efficient strains and high production costs. To address this challenge, an improved PHA synthase, PhaCG8 was cloned into Cupriavidus necator Re2058. Compared with its parental synthase, PhaCG8 was shown to promote the formation of higher-molecular-weight polymers and fewer but larger intracellular PHA granules. The performance of the new recombinant strain was evaluated using crude palm kernel oil (CPKO) and fructose, revealing higher polymer molecular weight with fewer and larger granules compared to C. necator Re2058/pHT1-CBP-M-CPF4 although a direct mechanistic relationship between granule morphology and Mw has yet to be established. To tackle the high production cost, solvent-extracted non-edible palm fibre oil (PFO) was evaluated as a sustainable carbon source for PHA production using the new recombinant strain. PFO used in this study supported efficient growth and polymer accumulation, achieving 124.3 g/L biomass with 83.1 g/L PHA under fed-batch conditions, corresponding to a polymer yield coefficient of 0.64 g/g and a volumetric productivity of 1.07 g/L·h. A biological recovery approach using mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) was also implemented, achieving 82% recovery efficiency and 95 wt% polymer purity, providing a greener and less solvent-intensive alternative to conventional extraction methods. The engineered PhaCG8 synthase enabled high Mw polymer formation (Mw = 15.0 × 105 Da) with stable 3HHx incorporation (6–8 mol%). Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of converting non-edible PFO into high-value bioplastics through an integrated and sustainable bioprocess.
Keywords:
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
P(3HB-co-3HHx)
Solvent-extracted non-edible palm fibre oil
Cupriavidus necator
Biological recovery
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