High-precision angular detection via partially coherent vortex interferometer and deep learning

Xuefen Kan

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132542

High-precision angular detection via partially coherent vortex interferometer and deep learning

2025-12-01

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DOI：10.1016/j.optcom.2025.132542

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Utilizing Mach-Zehnder based vortex interferometer, a high sensitivity angular measurement scheme beyond Rayleigh criterion is demonstrated experimentally. Instead of the conventional fully coherent illumination, this work focuses on the statistical properties of practical sources via inducing partially coherence. Thus, the widely applied phase demodulation technique is not available to yield ultra-high precision of the optical interferometry. Instead, a robust fork-like pattern due to the orbital angular momentum (OAM) interference is formed to facilitate the quick and accurate characterizing of the azimuthal difference. Deep learning framework is applied to overcome the low visibility of the interference fringes with high efficiency. The experimental results show that the recognition rate of the proposed scheme remains above 86 % as the beam quality does not exceed 23.7, whilst a high precision up to 0.005 degrees is achieved. Our work broadens the application of OAM based metrology, and paves the way for the new development of ultrasensitive angular sensor with low spatial coherence.

Keywords:

Orbital angular momentum

Angular detection

Partial coherence

Deep learning

High-precision angular detection via partially coherent vortex interferometer and deep learning

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