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High-Throughput GPU Implementation of Dilithium Post-Quantum Digital Signature
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DOI：10.1109/TPDS.2024.3453289.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Digital signatures are fundamental building blocks in various protocols to provide integrity and authenticity. The development of the quantum computing has raised concerns about the security guarantees afforded by classical signature schemes. CRYSTALS-Dilithium is an efficient post-quantum digital signature scheme based on lattice cryptography and has been selected as the primary algorithm for standardization by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. In this work, we present a high-throughput GPU implementation of Dilithium. For individual operations, we employ a range of computational and memory optimizations to overcome sequential constraints, reduce memory usage and IO latency, address bank conflicts, and mitigate pipeline stalls. This results in high and balanced compute throughput and memory throughput for each operation. In terms of concurrent task processing, we leverage task-level batching to fully utilize parallelism and implement a memory pool mechanism for rapid memory access. We propose a dynamic task scheduling mechanism to improve multiprocessor occupancy and significantly reduce execution time. Furthermore, we apply asynchronous computing and launch multiple streams to hide data transfer latencies and maximize the computing capabilities of both CPU and GPU. Across all three security levels, our GPU implementation achieves over 160x speedups for signing and over 80x speedups for verification on both commercial and server-grade GPUs. This achieves microsecond-level amortized execution times for each task, offering a high-throughput and quantum-resistant solution suitable for a wide array of applications in real systems.
Keywords:
Graphics processing units
Task analysis
Throughput
Digital signatures
Security
Streams
Parallel processing
Digital signature
GPU
parallel processing
post-quantum cryptography
Dilithium
Journal
IF:
6
Papers:
5.2K
Citations:
1.1W
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