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Highly expressed ACSF2 contributes to butyrate utilization in the rumen epithelium
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DOI：10.1016/j.jnutbio.2026.110479.png)
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Abstract
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• ACSF2 dominates acyl-CoA synthetase expression in rumen epithelium and rises with solid-feed initiation. • Mitochondrial ACSF2 is enriched in the spinous layer, the key site of epithelial ketogenesis. • Single-cell transcriptomics link ACSF2 with ketogenic programs and co-expression of HMGCS2. • Gain-of-function increases butyryl-CoA and proliferation under butyrate; loss-of-function reduces butyrate use. • ACSF2 acts as a mitochondrial gatekeeper for butyrate activation and rumen epithelial energy metabolism. • Findings inform nutrition strategies to enhance epithelial fitness and barrier function.
Keywords:
Rumen epithelium ACSF2 Butyrate metabolic preference Ketogenesis Mitochondrial acyl‑CoA synthetase
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