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Histogram-Less LiDAR Through SPAD Response Linearization

delete2024-02-15
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OA
AI
A
Alessandro Tontini *
S
Sonia Mazzucchi
R
Roberto Passerone
N
Nicolò Broseghini
L
Leonardo Gasparini
DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2023.3342609delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
We present a new method to acquire the 3-D information from a Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD)-based direct-Time-of-Flight (d-ToF) imaging system which does not require the construction of a histogram of timestamps and can withstand high-flux operation regime. The proposed acquisition scheme emulates the behavior of an SPAD detector with no distortion due to dead time, and extracts the ToF information by a simple average operation on the photon timestamps ensuring ease of integration in a dedicated sensor and scalability to large arrays. The method is validated through a comprehensive mathematical analysis, whose predictions are in agreement with a numerical Monte Carlo model of the problem. Finally, we show the validity of the predictions in a real d-ToF measurement setup under challenging background conditions well beyond the typical pile-up limit of 5% detection rate up to a distance of 3.8 m.
Keywords:
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR)
single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD)

Journal

IEEE Sensors Journal cover
IEEE Sensors Journal
IF:
4.5
Papers:
2.1W
Citations:
7.3W

Organization

U
University of Trento
Scholars:
8.8K
Papers: 9.0K
Citations: 1.2W
F
Fondazione Bruno Kessler
Scholars:
1.8K
Papers: 1.7K
Citations: 3.2K