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Hybrid RGO–CNTs engineering for improved electrocatalytic activity and durability of RuO2–IrO2–SnO2/Ti electrodes
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DOI：10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.168052.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Durable and selective chlorine evolution anodes are crucial for marine antifouling applications. Herein, RGO–CNTs were incorporated into RuO2–IrO2–SnO2/Ti electrodes by a layer-by-layer thermal decomposition method to systematically investigate the effects of carbon nanomaterial loading on coating microstructure, electrocatalytic performance and durability. The incorporation of RGO–CNTs refined the grain size, increased surface roughness, reduced coating porosity and promoted the uniform distribution of Ru- and Ir-rich nanocrystallites, thereby facilitating electron transport. Electrochemical results showed that the electrode containing 0.6 g/L RGO–CNTs exhibited the lowest chlorine evolution potential, the highest oxygen evolution potential and the lowest charge-transfer resistance, resulting in the highest available chlorine concentration and antibacterial performance. Accelerated lifetime testing revealed a maximum lifetime of 233.49 h at 0.8 g/L RGO–CNTs, which was 4.64 times longer than that of the undoped electrode. Post-ALT characterization confirmed that moderate RGO–CNTs incorporation effectively suppressed coating degradation and the loss of Ru- and Ir-based active components. Pearson correlation analysis further established the structure–property–performance relationship, demonstrating that grain refinement, coating densification and enhanced conductivity collectively improve chlorine evolution activity and durability. These findings provide an effective strategy for designing high-performance dimensionally stable anodes for marine cathodic protection.
Keywords:
RGO–CNTs hybrid
Metal oxide electrode
Chlorine evolution reaction
Electrocatalytic activity
Marine antifouling
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6.9
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6.1W
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19.4W
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