Immune suppression and intestinal inflammatory responses induced by subchronic exposure to microcystin-LR in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Cuihong Ding

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2026.111639

Immune suppression and intestinal inflammatory responses induced by subchronic exposure to microcystin-LR in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

2026-08-14

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PRE

AI

C

Cuihong Ding

Y

Yunxia Song

W

Weikai Ding

J

Junguo Ma

X

Xiaoyu Li *

DOI：10.1016/j.fsi.2026.111639

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Abstract

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• MCs-exposure disrupted intestinal mucosal immunity by inducing gut microbiota dysbiosis, reducing butyric acid metabolism, and promoting LPS release. • MCs-exposure triggered local and systemic immune imbalance in the intestine of common carp. • Subchronic exposure to MCs promoted intestinal inflammation via activating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Keywords:

Microcystis aeruginosa

Microcystin-LR

Cyprinus carpio

Intestinal mucosal immunity

Inflammation

TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway

Immune suppression and intestinal inflammatory responses induced by subchronic exposure to microcystin-LR in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

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