Impact of IRS Random Scatterings on NLOS-V2X Channel Characteristics

2026-01-19

PRE

Imran haider

李

李尔平 (Er‐Ping Li)

Shurun Tan

DOI：10.1109/LAWP.2026.3655743

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Intelligent reflection surfaces (IRSs) enhance wave propagation for blocked vehicular links but face deployment challenges from mobility-induced nonstationarity causing beam misalignment and coverage gaps. This work introduces a novel IRS coding scheme to facilitate non-line-of-sight communication for moving vehicles. By integrating fast-varying random phase codes with beam-steering patterns, the system dynamically controls wireless channels via IRS-induced random scattering. Compared to narrow beam steering—which struggles with high-mobility-induced nonstationarity, this approach expands communication coverage around moving vehicles, addressing real-time beam alignment and coverage gaps in beyond fifth-generation vehicle-to-everything networks. This scheme enhances channel metrics, such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), surpassing traditional IRS beam steering. These improvements provide opportunity to boost link reliability and coverage during beam misalignment, with SNR dynamically optimized via statistical adjustments of random codes, to meet quality-of-service requirements. Numerical simulations at 5.9 GHz/28 GHz, using an IRS path loss model, validate the strategy’s advantage for vehicle-to-vehicle/vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. Full-wave analysis confirms higher scattered power from IRS random scattering versus pure beam steering.

Keywords:

Beam misalignment

beam steering

intelligent reflection surfaces

millimeter waves (mmWaves)

mobility

opportunistic

quality of service (QoS)

random scattering

reliability

vehicle to everything (V2X)

Impact of IRS Random Scatterings on NLOS-V2X Channel Characteristics

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