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Impact of Operational Decisions and Size of Battery Energy Storage Systems on Demand Charge Reduction
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DOI：10.1109/ptc.2019.8810754.png)
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Abstract
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Demand charge reduction is an influential application of BESS for distribution system utilities as well as microgrid operators that could be achieved through peak-shaving techniques. This paper studies the impact of the size of BESS and the BESS operational decisions including the initial state of charge (SoC) of a day, on peak-shaving. A linear programming-based algorithm is used for optimal energy management of BESS interfaced with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) to determine the output power of the BESS for peak-shaving and demand charge reduction on each day. The problem is solved using MATLAB and implemented on a real-world distribution feeder modeled in OpenDSS, using predicted day-ahead demand and solar photovoltaic (PV) generation output. The results show that the BESS rated capacity is a more decisive factor than inverter rated power for effective peak shaving strategies. Moreover, a low initial SoC for the day is critical in achieving demand charge reduction.
Keywords:
battery energy storage system
demand charge reduction
distributed energy resources
linear optimization
optimal energy management
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