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Impact of the method of preparation of SBA-15 Intermediate layer on the performance of palladium membrane supported on porous alumina for hydrogen separation
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DOI：10.1007/s11164-026-06080-2.png)
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Abstract
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Palladium-based membranes are widely recognised for their excellent hydrogen selectivity and permeability at elevated temperatures, making them promising candidates for hydrogen purification and membrane reactor applications. In this study, Pd composite membranes were fabricated on porous α-Al2O3 tubular supports using Pd-doped SBA-15 as an intermediate layer to enhance membrane quality and reduce the Pd selective layer thickness. SBA-15 was synthesised via three different routes: sol–gel, precipitation, and hydrothermal methods, followed by Pd doping to create nucleation sites for Pd film growth. The intermediate layers were deposited on the ceramic supports using vacuum-assisted dip coating, and the Pd selective layer was formed by the electroless pore-plating method. The structural and morphological properties of SBA-15 and Pd-SBA-15 were characterised using XRD, BET surface area analysis, TEM, and SEM. The results confirmed the preservation of the ordered mesoporous SBA-15 structure after Pd incorporation and the formation of a continuous and defect-free Pd selective layer. Hydrogen permeation experiments were conducted between 300 and 400 °C under different pressure conditions. Hydrogen flux showed a linear dependence on the square root pressure difference, confirming Sieverts’ law and the solution–diffusion mechanism. Among the membranes studied, the hydrothermally synthesised Pd-SBA-15 support exhibited the highest hydrogen flux and the lowest activation energy (13.60 kJ mol−1), indicating improved hydrogen transport and reduced mass transfer resistance.
Keywords:
Palladium composite membrane
Hydrogen permeation
Pd-doped SBA-15
Electroless pore plating (ELP-PP)
Mesoporous silica intermediate layer
Hydrogen separation
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