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Influence of lithium-ion battery module structure on venting and thermal propagation during thermal runaway
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DOI：10.1007/s10800-026-02469-4.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Battery thermal runaway is a major challenge in ensuring the safety of new energy vehicles, and its propagation is strongly influenced by the structural design of battery modules. This work developed a coupled thermal-venting CFD model that integrates three submodels: heat generation, gas generation, and gas ejection. The model simulates the entire dynamic process during thermal runaway, from internal chemical reactions to gas flow and heat transfer within the module. After validation against experimental data, the model was employed to investigate three key structural parameters: cell gap, top gap, and vent outlet position. The results show that reducing the cell gap enhances local heat transfer and increases the risk of thermal runaway propagation but may reduce overall heat transfer efficiency. Increasing the top gap decreases gas velocity and temperature, thereby weakening convective heat transfer intensity. The vent outlet position determines the flow path and kinetic energy dissipation of venting gases, directly affecting the heating intensity within the module. These findings reveal the influence of structural parameters on venting gas flow and heat transfer during thermal runaway, providing fundamental insights into the mechanisms of thermal runaway propagation and offering a theoretical basis for engineering applications to optimize structural safety. [GRAPHICS]
Keywords:
Lithium-ion battery safety
Battery module structure
Coupled model
Gas venting
Thermal runaway propagation
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3
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963
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9.0K
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