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Innovative graphene quantum dots applications for enhancing lutein biosynthesis in microalgae biorefineries
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DOI：10.1016/j.cej.2025.159744.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Lutein, a potent antioxidant xanthophyll used in ocular and health applications, is produced by microalgae during growth rather than stress stages. Therefore, its production faces challenges due to competition with growth-related metabolites. This study presents a novel approach using quantum dots to enhance lutein yield by exposing microalgal cultures to Graphene Quantum dots (GQDs) concentrations (0-200 mg/L) within a pre- optimized lutein bioprocess. Additionally, nitrogen source selection (NH4Cl or urea) is crucial in balancing growth and lutein biosynthesis. Biomass production peaked at 100 mg/L GODs, yielding 7.46 g/L in NH4Cl and 6.58 g/L in urea-supplemented media. Lutein content was notably higher in the urea medium, reaching 17.95 mg/g with a total yield of 118.2 mg/L, likely due to slower nitrogen uptake, which favored lutein accumulation compared to NH4Cl with inclined growth support. Bioenergy potential ranged from 895-985 kJ in the luteinomitted biomass, enhanced by GQDs based on their composition. Graphene QDs addition enhanced total lutein yield by approx. 30.5 % over quantum dot-free processes. This integrated biorefinery approach demonstrates a sustainable strategy to boost bioactive compound production for pharmaceutical and biofuel applications through controlled quantum dot use in microalgae cultivation. It is aligning with Sustainable Development Goals for resource efficiency, climate action (SDG 13) and sustainable industrial practices (SDG 9).
Keywords:
Graphene Quantum Dots
Nanomaterials
Lutein
Microalgae
Chlorella variabilis
Sustainable Development Goals 9
Journal
IF:
13.2
Papers:
7.2W
Citations:
48.5W
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