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Integration of Vital Signs Monitoring System Based on Single Antenna Bio-Sensing (SABioS) Method
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DOI：10.1109/TCSI.2026.3661410.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Accurate respiratory monitoring is essential in critical care settings where abnormal breathing can indicate rapid deterioration and require immediate intervention. Existing non-invasive approaches face trade-offs in comfort, reliability, and portability, limiting their clinical applicability. Single Antenna Bio-Sensing (SABioS) offers an alternative by capturing local dielectric variations with a single wearable antenna, enabling comfortable, non-invasive monitoring of respiratory and cardiac activity. This work presents an implementation of SABioS on a compact custom PCB operating at 915 MHz in combination with a flexible sinusoidal dipole antenna sensor and a dedicated acquisition software, demonstrating the feasibility of portable, low-power, continuous monitoring. The system was evaluated against synchronized medical-grade reference devices, providing the first validation of SABioS for accurate cardiac activity detection in addition to respiration, with respiratory rate agreement of MoD ± LoA = <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.005~\pm ~0.217$ </tex-math></inline-formula> bpm and heart rate agreement of MoD ± LoA = <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.0096~\pm ~0.322$ </tex-math></inline-formula> bpm. Additional experiments confirmed stable operation of the system in long-term monitoring and robust performance across wearing configurations and body positions, including recumbent scenarios for sleep monitoring with up to 13.7 dB SNR improvement. Compared to the earlier proof-of-concept setups of SABioS, the integrated system achieves considerably higher signal-to-noise ratio and measurement accuracy, with up to +24.2 dB SNR improvement, underscoring its potential for continuous vital signs monitoring in practical healthcare applications.
Keywords:
Respiratory
cardiac
vital signs
respiratory waveform
biosensing
antenna sensor
RF sensor
non-invasive
biomedical signal processing
wearable
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