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Interaction effects of blue-green spaces’ morphological indicators on thermal comfort during summer: evidence from urban parks in Chongqing; China
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DOI：10.3389/ffgc.2026.1726245.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Blue-green space morphology may influence thermal comfort through both independent and interactive effects; yet interactions remain underexplored. To examine them; 120 buffer zones were established across six urban parks in Chongqing. Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and six blue-green spaces’ morphological indicators were assessed for each buffer using field measurements; simulations; and ArcGIS. Three forms of interaction were introduced: synergy; acceleration; and compensation. Random Forest and SHapley Additive exPlanation models were used to identify direction and importance of indicator interactions in influencing PET; and revealed temporal variations. Acceleration had the strongest impact on reducing PET; followed by synergistic and compensatory effects. The green space ratio (GSR) quadratic term exhibited an acceleration effect and reduced PET. Indicators like water area ratio (WAR); total area ratio of blue-green space (TARBG); and shared shoreline length ratio (SSLR) acted synergistically. When the effect of green or blue spaces in reducing PET was weakened; SSLR moderately supplemented regulation. In the morning; GSR and WAR accelerated evapotranspiration; at noon; SSLR compensated limited water body cooling via ventilation and evaporation; in the evening; TARBG and other indicators reduced PET via synergy and compensation. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing the configuration of blue-green spaces.
Keywords:
nonlinear relationship
interaction effects
outdoor thermal comfort
morphological indicators
blue-green spaces
Journal
F
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3.2
Papers:
373
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4.0K
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