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Interfacial Regulation by a NiOx Overlayer Enables Enhanced Near-Infrared Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

delete2026-07-29
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OA
AI
X
Xiaofeng Shen *
K
Kyle J. Stephens
D
Dengyao Yang
N
Nick A. Shepelin
K
Kuan‐Ting Wu
K
Kazuto Hatakeyama
D
Daniele Pergolesi
S
Shintaro Ida
M
Motonori Watanabe *
T
Thomas Lippert *
DOI:10.1002/smsc.70346delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting provides a promising pathway for sustainable hydrogen production. However, the inefficient use of near-infrared (NIR) light, which accounts for nearly half of the solar spectrum, remains a major limitation to overall energy conversion efficiency. Here, we present a NIR-responsive dye-sensitized photoanode enabled by a boron–dipyrromethene–carbazole-based organic sensitizer (1), combined with a thin NiOx overlayer that acts as both an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) cocatalyst and an interface regulator. The NiOx layer, deposited via low-temperature pulsed laser deposition, exhibits low crystallinity and mixed Ni2+/Ni3+ valence states, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Adding the NiOx overlayer results in a 1.9-fold increase in photocurrent density and significantly better photostability. Electrochemical testing indicates that NiOx alters interfacial charge–transfer kinetics and the local electrochemical environment, thereby improving carrier utilization and reaction efficiency. The multilayer photoanode retains a measurable photocurrent response at 850 nm, demonstrating its capability to extend PEC activity into the NIR region. This work elucidates the synergistic functions of NiOx in interfacial charge regulation and catalytic kinetics, offering a viable strategy for NIR-driven solar fuel conversion. Additionally, it establishes the longest-wavelength photoelectrocatalytic performance reported to date for non-noble-metal dye-sensitized systems.
Keywords:
low-temperature pulsed laser deposition
near-infrared dye sensitizer
photoelectrochemical reaction
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Small Science
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8.3
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kyushu university
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kumamoto university
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paul scherrer institute
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