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Interphase-mediated buckling behavior of soft layered composites: Theoretical modelling and simulations
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DOI：10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2026.113973.png)
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Abstract
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Multi-layered composites consisting of stiff layers and soft matrices are ubiquitous in biological systems, geological formations, and flexible electronics. Capturing the buckling instability is crucial for understanding structural morphogenesis and functional performance. Owing to the manufacturing processes and interactions between dissimilar materials, a finite-thickness transitional region (i.e., an interphase) commonly exists between the stiff layers and the soft matrix. However, its role in regulating the buckling behavior of multi-layered composites remains insufficiently understood. In this work, a unified mechanics model is developed for periodically reinforced composites with stiff layers by explicitly incorporating the interphase, while simultaneously accounting for the interfacial shear stress and transverse displacements. The proposed model enables accurate predictions of the critical compressive strain and the associated wrinkling wavelength, and allows for a clear identification of three distinct instability modes: single-layer wrinkling, tri-layer wrinkling, and long-wave buckling. Through parametric analysis, buckling diagrams are constructed to elucidate how the elastic modulus and thickness of the interphase regulate mode selection and transitions. This work establishes the interphase as a regulator of buckling patterns in layered composites and provides a unified theoretical framework for understanding instability in soft layered systems.
Keywords:
Layered composites
Interphase
Buckling behavior
Theoretical modelling
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3.8
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1.1W
Citations:
3.1W
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