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Investigation of the nephroprotective potential of hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein in aged rat models with monosodium glutamate-induced toxicity
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DOI：10.1080/15569543.2026.2660086.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study assessed the renal toxicity of monosodium glutamate (MSG) and, for the first time, jointly examined the potential nephroprotective effects of the olive-derived compounds hydroxytyrosol (HT) and oleuropein (OLE) in an aged rat model. By doing so, it sought to address a notable gap in the existing literature by clarifying the protective roles of HT and OLE against MSG-induced renal injury.
A total of 60 aged male Sprague–Dawley rats (≥20 months old) were randomly allocated into six experimental groups. Control, MSG (600 mg/kg/day), HT (10 mg/kg/day), OLE (200 mg/kg/day), and combined treatment (MSG+HT/MSG+OLE) groups. All compounds were administered orally for 28 days. Kidney tissues were collected for biochemical and histopathological evaluation. Oxidative stress markers, antioxidant status, DNA damage, and apoptosis-related parameters were assessed, and histopathological alterations were examined using hematoxylin–eosin staining.
Significant intergroup differences (P < 0.05) were detected for all evaluated biochemical parameters, including Total Antioxidant Capacity, Total Oxidant Capacity, Oxidative Stress Index, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, Malondialdehyde, Catalase, and Caspase-3. Histopathologically, MSG administration induced marked renal damage characterized by glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial cell proliferation, tubular epithelial degeneration, hyaline cast formation, vascular hyperemia, interstitial edema, and focal or extensive coagulative necrosis. In contrast, co-treatment with HT or OLE markedly reduced the severity and distribution of these lesions.
The findings confirm the nephrotoxic effects of MSG and demonstrate the nephroprotective properties of both HT and OLE in a rat model, indicating potential mechanisms through which these olive-derived compounds alleviate MSG-induced renal damage.
Keywords:
Antioxidant
caspase
DNA damage
histopathology
kidney
malondialdehyde
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