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Isoprostanes as biomarkers of oxidative stress across human diseases and skin pathologies
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DOI：10.3389/fmolb.2026.1819898.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Oxidative stress (OS); resulting from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidative defenses; is connected with various diseases; including cancer. Isoprostanes (IsoPs); derived from peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); serve as reliable biomarkers of OS. This review collects knowledge about IsoPs as indicators of OS; focusing on their association with various diseases; among others different types of cancer; and also skin disorders. Roughly 3 decades ago IsoPs were characterized in vivo. It represented a significant milestone in the field of biomedical sciences; and specifically in biochemistry of lipid peroxidation and free radical research. Between 1992 and 2024; more than 5; 800 articles on IsoPs were published. IsoPs; for example; 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α; are relatively stable indicators of OS. Elevated IsoPs levels are associated with various cancers; cardiovascular; metabolic; and neurodegenerative diseases. There are some articles about IsoPs and their correlation with diseases like diabetes; asthma and colorectal; breast; lung or nonmelanoma skin cancer. Despite their broad relevance; a gap exists in the literature regarding IsoPs and skin cancer; especially in a very specific group of patients like organ transplant recipients; who are at a much heightened risk of developing cancer due to immunosuppression. IsoPs are valuable biomarkers for OS-related diseases. However; further research is needed to explore their pathophysiological significance and potential clinical applicability with regard to skin cancer risk or diagnosis in transplant patients; aiming to improve disease prevention; monitoring and therapeutic approach.
Keywords:
oxidative stress
biomarkers
transplantation
cancer
skin cancer
human disease
isoprostanes
skin pathologies
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