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Linking Fractal Fault Geometry to Stress Rotation and Fault Reactivation in the Haishiwan Coal Mine, Western China
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DOI：10.1007/s00603-026-05807-2.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Understanding how fault geometry modulates crustal stress evolution and fault instability is fundamental for mitigating dynamic hazards in deep mining environments. Here, we integrate fractal analysis, stress inversion, and fault-instability modeling to investigate the coupling between fault-system complexity, stress rotation, and the controlling factors of fault instability in the Haishiwan (HSW) coal mine, western China. The fault network exhibits power-law scaling of fault length–frequency and fractal characteristics (fractal dimension D = 1.8–2.0), reflecting multistage deformation and pronounced structural heterogeneity. High-D regions, corresponding to fault intersections and branching structures, coincide with significant rotations (10°–45°) of the maximum horizontal principal stress and act as potential stress-regulation corridors that promote slip partitioning and fluid migration. The stress shape ratio (R) emerges as the primary influence on reactivation potential, modulated by frictional and pore-pressure conditions. Stress rotation and stress drop within high-fractal regions increase R, indicating progressive stress relaxation. These results establish a unified Fractal–Stress–Hazard framework linking multiscale geometry, stress perturbation, and instability evolution, offering a predictive basis for assessing dynamic hazards in deep resource extraction environments.
Keywords:
Deep coal mining hazards
Fault system
Fractal geometry
Stress rotation
Fault instability
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6.6
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6.0K
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3.0W
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