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Low Sidelobe Coding Programmable Metasurface Based on Pixel Binning Method
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DOI：10.1109/lawp.2026.3714894.png)
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Abstract
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This letter presents a pixel-binning algorithm (PB) for coding programmable metasurfaces. An innovative approach that groups four adjacent meta-elements into a composite unit is introduced, which overcomes the fixed phase constraint of individual meta-elements and enables equivalent amplitude control. Utilizing the proposed method, the number of supported states of the composite unit is significantly enhanced, enabling Chebyshev or Taylor weighting, which is challenging for conventional approaches. Moreover, it possesses the combined advantages of high computational efficiency, superior accuracy, and lightweight computational complexity. The algorithm supports up to 16 independent beams and enables scanning with a maximum off-axis angle of 40°. For the single-beam calculation result, the peak sidelobe level is suppressed from −13.1 dB to −22.4 dB compared to the conventional method, yielding a substantial reduction of 9.3 dB and demonstrating the superior performance of the proposed approach.
Keywords:
Antenna array
pixel binning
programmable metasurface
sidelobe depression
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