arrow
Return

Machine learning algorithm for detecting suspicious email messages using Natural Language Processing NLP

delete2025-05-26
delete0
PRE
AI
G
Ghadah Alkhodhairy
K
Kashif Saleem *
DOI:10.1016/j.aej.2025.04.067delete
deleteOriginal
deleteOriginal request for help
deleteShare
deleteSave
Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Email-based cyber threats continue to evolve, presenting challenges to traditional security measures that struggle to keep pace with sophisticated attack methods. This study introduces a machine learning-driven framework that integrates Natural Language Processing (NLP) with a Support Vector Classifier (SVC) to enhance email threat detection. The proposed model utilizes feature extraction techniques, including one-hot encoding, TF-IDF vectorization, and BERT embeddings, to capture linguistic patterns indicative of malicious emails. The model was trained and evaluated on a benchmark dataset, achieving an accuracy of 98.65%, demonstrating superior performance over conventional spam detection systems. The results show a significant reduction in false positives and false negatives, improving email security and reliability. This research contributes to the field by presenting an optimized, scalable solution that can adapt to emerging cyber threats and enhance automated email filtering mechanisms.
Keywords:
Phishing
Machine learning
Natural language processing
SVM classification
Cyber threat detection

Journal

Alexandria Engineering Journal cover
Alexandria Engineering Journal
IF:
6.8
Papers:
6.3K
Citations:
2.6W

Organization

K
King Saud University
Scholars:
3.4W
Papers: 3.8W
Citations: 815
Cited Papers

Cited Papers

Feature Selection by Multiobjective Optimization: Application to Spam Detection System by Neural Networks and Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm
err2022-01-01
err7
errOAAI
errGhaleb, Sanaa A. A.; Mohamad, Mumtazimah; Ghanem, Waheed Ali H. M.; Nasser, Abdullah B.; Ghetas, Mohamed; Abdullahi, Akibu Mahmoud; Saleh, Sami Abdulla Mohsen; Arshad, Humaira; Omolara, Abiodun Esther; Abiodun, Oludare Isaac
errShare
errSave
An In-Depth Benchmarking and Evaluation of Phishing Detection Research for Security Needs
err2020-01-01
err64
errOAAI
errEl Aassal, Ayman; Baki, Shahryar; Das, Avisha; Verma, Rakesh M.
errShare
errSave
Header Based Email Spam Detection Framework Using Support Vector Machine (SVM) Technique
err2019-12-05
err0
PREAI
errSiti Aqilah Khamis; Cik Feresa Mohd Foozy; Mohd Firdaus Ab Aziz; Nordiana Rahim
errShare
errSave
Deep Learning for Phishing Detection: Taxonomy, Current Challenges and Future Directions
err2022-01-01
err46
errOAAI
errDo, Nguyet Quang; Selamat, Ali; Krejcar, Ondrej; Herrera-Viedma, Enrique; Fujita, Hamido
errShare
errSave
A Systematic Literature Review on Phishing Email Detection Using Natural Language Processing Techniques
err2022-01-01
err43
errOAAI
errSalloum, Said; Gaber, Tarek; Vadera, Sunil; Shaalan, Khaled
errShare
errSave
Artificial Neural Network for Websites Classification with Phishing Characteristics
err2018-01-01
err0
errOAAI
errRicardo Pinto Ferreira; Andréa Martiniano; Domingos Napolitano; Marcio Romero; Dacyr Dante De Oliveira Gatto; Edquel Bueno Prado Farias; Renato José Sassi
errShare
errSave
no more