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Magnetic tunnel junction as a real-time entropy source: Field-Programmable Gate Array based random bit generation without post-processing

delete2026-01-07
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OA
AI
T
Troy Criss
A
Ahmed Sidi El Valli
N
Naomi Li
A
A. Haas
A
Andrew D. Kent *
DOI:10.1063/5.0308636delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
We demonstrate a method to generate application-ready truly random bits from a magnetic tunnel junction driven by a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). We implement a real-time feedback loop that stabilizes the switching probability near 50% and apply an XOR operation, both on the FPGA, to suppress short-term correlations, together mitigating long-term drift and bias in the bitstream. This combined approach passes the NIST Statistical Test Suite for random bit generation at 5 Mb/s without post-processing, providing a practical hardware solution for fast and reliable true random number generation. Beyond cryptographic applications, these capabilities open opportunities for stochastic hardware accelerators, probabilistic computing, and large-scale modeling where real-time access to unbiased randomness is essential.
Keywords:
Magnetic tunnel junction
True random number generation
Field-Programmable Gate Array
Random bit generation
Entropy source

Journal

Journal of Applied Physics cover
Journal of Applied Physics
IF:
2.5
Papers:
2.7K
Citations:
14.5W

Organization

N
new york university
Scholars:
6.2K
Papers: 3.0K
Citations: 1
Cited Papers

Cited Papers

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