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Management of Huanglongbing of Citrus :Lessons from São Paulo andFlorida
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DOI:10.1146/annurev-phyto-121423-041921.png)
Abstract
En 中文
S & atilde;o Paulo, Brazil, and Florida, USA, were the two major orange productionareas in the world until Huanglongbing (HLB) was discovered in S & atilde;o Pauloin 2004 and Florida in 2005. In the absence of resistant citrus varieties, HLBis the most destructive citrus disease known because of the lack of effectivetools to reduce spread of the vector,Diaphorina citri(Asian citrus psyllid),andtransmission of the associated pathogen,CandidatusLiberibacter asiaticus.Inboth countries, a three-pronged management approach was recommendedand begun: planting only disease-free nursery trees, effective psyllid control,and removal of all symptomatic trees. In Brazil, these management proce-dures were continued and improved and resulted in relatively little overallloss of production. In contrast, in Florida the citrus industry has been dev-astated with annual production reduced by approximately 80%. This reviewcompares and contrasts various cultural and pest management strategies thathave been used to reduce infection by the pathogen and increase toleranceof HLB in the main orange-growing regions in the world.
Keywords:
citrus
psyllid
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus
disease management
Diaphorina citri
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